Ama-proppant kaphethroli adlala indima ebalulekile enqenqeni yokuhlakazeka ngamanzi, ikakhulukazi emingceleni engajwayelekile lapho ukukhipha ama-hydrocarbon kuyinto ebalulekile. Lezi zinto ezincane, eziqinile zenzelwe ukugcina imifantu ivulekile ngemuva kokuba idalwe uketshezi oluhlakazayo, kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kukaphethroli negesi. Ukuqonda izinto eziqhubekayo zama-proppant kaphethroli, ukuhamba kwawo, ukubekwa kwawo, kanye nentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqiza komthombo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho. Lesi sihloko sihluza izici eziningi zama-proppant kaphethroli, sigqamisa iminikelo ye-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. ekuthuthukiseni izindlela zemboni.

I-hydraulic fracturing, noma i-fracking, ithembele kakhulu ekusebenziseni kahle izinto zokugcwalisa amapayipi (petroleum proppants) ukuze kugcinwe ukuhamba kwemifantu. Izinto zokugcwalisa amapayipi, njengesihlabathi, isihlabathi esihlanganiswe nensimbi, ne-ceramics, ziyajovwa emifantwini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvaleka kwayo ngaphansi kwengcindezi yesiqedamthele. Le nqubo ithuthukisa ukungena kwesikhala samadwala esiqedamthele, okuvumela ama-hydrocarbon ukuba ahambe kalula aye emgodini. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanele zokugcwalisa amapayipi (petroleum proppants) kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwezinto zokuhlakula. Izinto zokugcwalisa amapayipi ezisezingeni eliphezulu kumele zibe namandla, zibe yindilinga, futhi zingasabeli ngamakhemikhali ukuze zimelane nezimo ezinzima phansi komhlaba.

Ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile, ezivame ukuba ne-permeability ephansi kanye nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, indima ye-petroleum proppants iba ibaluleke kakhulu. Kumele zikwazi ukuhamba zifinyelela phezulu kwi-fracture network futhi ziqinisekise ukufakwa okuhlelekile ukuze kuzuze ukukhiqizwa kwesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, izinguquko ezimatheni ze-proppant materials kanye nobunjiniyela ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, zihlose ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zalemvelo ezinzima.

Ukuthutha i-proppant ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile kubandakanya ukuhamba nokuthwala ama-proppant particles ukusuka emgqonyeni kuya ezindaweni ezidalwe. Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokulethwa kwe-proppant kuncike kumphumela we-rheology ye-fracturing fluid, ubunjalo be-fracture bendawo, kanye nezici zomzimba ze-proppant ezifana nokwabiwa kosayizi nokuphakama. Ukuhlela kahle lezi zici kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-proppants afinyelela ezindaweni ezifanele ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi ye-fracture, kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwe-fracture.

Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ekuthuthweni kwe-proppant ukuvimbela ukuhamba kwe-proppant, okungaholela ekubekweni okungalingani nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-fracture. Ukuze kubhekwane nalokhu, abaphathi basebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene zokwengeza ku-fracturing fluid futhi balungiselela izici ze-proppant ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhamba nokunciphisa ijubane lokuhamba. Ukuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-fluid ne-proppant kanye nezindlela zokuthutha ngokusebenzisa izifundo ezitholakalayo nezimodeli zokubala kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lezi zisebenzi ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile.

Izici eziningi zithinta indlela ama-proppants e-petroleum ahamba ngayo futhi ekugcineni abekwe kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-fractures. Lokhu kufaka phakathi usayizi kanye nesimo se-proppant, ukujula kwe-fluid, izinga lokufaka, ububanzi be-fracture, kanye nengcindezi ye-reservoir. Ama-proppants amakhulu futhi anesimo esijikelezayo ngokuvamile akhulisa ukuhamba kahle nokuphakela, okwenza kube nokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwe-fracture conductivity.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezithile ezihlobene ne-reservoir njengokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nokwakheka kwamaminerali kuthinta ukuzinza kwe-proppant nokungena kwayo kumongo we-formation. Ukungena ngokweqile kunciphisa ukudluliswa kwe-fracture futhi kunganciphisa amazinga okukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha ama-proppant anokumelana nokuqhekeka okufanele kanye nokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kubalulekile ukunciphisa le miphumela. Izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuchaza zisiza ukukhomba amafomula ama-proppant afanele enzelwe izici ezithile ze-reservoir.

Iminyaka yakamuva ibonile intuthuko ey remarkable ekuthuthukiseni izinto ze-proppant ze-petroleum eziklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza ezindaweni ze-reservoir ezingajwayelekile. Izinguquko zifaka phakathi ama-proppants anokwakhiwa kwe-resin ahlinzeka ngokuqina okuthuthukisiwe futhi anciphisa ukuhamba kwe-proppant, ama-proppants e-ceramic anikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuphuka, kanye nama-proppants alula kakhulu athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhamba ngokunciphisa izinga lokuhlala.

Lezi zinguquko zobuchwepheshe zinika amandla abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole ukukhiqiza okukhulu kwe-fracture kanye nempilo ende yemishayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-proppants agcotshwe nge-resin awathuthukisi kuphela ukumelana nokubambeka kodwa futhi anciphisa ingozi yokukhiqizwa kwezinhlamvu ezincane ze-proppant, ezingavala imigudu ye-fracture. Ama-proppants e-ceramic, nakuba ebiza kakhulu, ahlinzeka ngokuqinisa okuthuthukisiwe ezimweni zengcindezi ephezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. ziye zaba ngaphambili ekukhiqizeni nasekunikezeni ama-proppants anjalo asezingeni eliphezulu, ziqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende azuzwa ngokuthembeka nokusebenza kahle.

Ucwaningo olungenelele luyaqhubeka nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-proppant kaphethiloli ezinhlelweni zokuhlukaniswa empeleni. Izivivinyo zaselebhu nezivivinyo zasensimini zihlola izinto ezifana nokudlulisa ama-proppant, izici zokubekwa, nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo zemithombo ezilinganisiwe. Izifundo ezinjalo zinikeza idatha ebalulekile yokukhetha uhlobo nosayizi olufanele lwama-proppant olulungiselelwe imithombo ethile engavamile.

Imiphumela ibonisa njalo ukuthi izindlela ezithuthukisiwe ze-proppant ziholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokutholwa kukaphethiloli negesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha eqoqwe ngokuhlolwa iqondisa ukuthuthukiswa ekwakhiweni kwezinsizakalo zokuqhekeka kanye namashejuli okumpompa ukuze kukhuliswe ukubekwa kwe-proppant kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuqhekeka. Lolu hlu lobufakazi lusekela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-proppant embonini.

Ukuhambisana nezifundo eziqoqwe ngokuhlolwa, ukubunjwa kwekhompyutha sekuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekubikezeleni ukuthuthwa kwe-proppant nokubekwa kwayo ngaphakathi kokuqhekeka. Izifaniso ezithuthukisiwe zihlanganisa i-fluid dynamics, i-particle mechanics, namamodeli okuqhekeka ukuze zinikeze ukuqonda ekuziphatheni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-reservoir. Lawa mamodeli avumela onjiniyela ukuthi bathuthukise ukwakhiwa kokuqhekeka ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ensimini, kunciphisa ubungozi nezindleko.

Ngokulingisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-proppant, osayizi, kanye nezinga lokujova, abasebenzisi bangabikezela ukuhlala kwama-proppant, izindlela zokusabalalisa, nemiphumela yokukhiqiza kwe-fracture. Leli khono lokubikezela lisekela ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi olwengeziwe futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. I-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. isebenzisa amathuluzi anjalo wokubala ukwenza izixazululo zama-proppant ezihlangabezana nezidingo eziqondile zamakhasimende abo, ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ekhuthaza ukusebenza okungcono.

Sibheka phambili, imboni yamapropanti kaphethiloli ilungele ukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka okushukunyiswa izidingo zamachibi angavamile ayobe eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Izindlela ezivelayo zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamapropanti ahlakaniphile afakwe izinzwa ukuze kube nokuqapha okungokoqobo kwezimbopho, izinto ezingalimazi imvelo futhi ezibola ngokwemvelo, namapropanti athuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe be-nano ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokudlulisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko ezindleleni zokukhiqiza njengokuphrinta kwe-3D ingavumela ukukhiqizwa kwamapropanti anobukhulu obulawulwa kakhulu, isimo, nezakhiwo ezingaphezulu, okwandisa ukusebenza kwawo. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. zibekwe kahle ukuthi zifake lezi zindlela emikhiqizweni yazo, ziqhubeke nokusekela imboni kawoyela negesi ngezixazululo zamapropanti ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezithuthukisa imiphumela yokusebenza nokusimama.

I-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. iyinkampani ehamba phambili ekhiqizayo enikezelwe ekuhlinzekeni ama-proppant kawoyela asezingeni eliphezulu enzelwe izicelo zamachibi angajwayelekile. Ngokugxila kwezinto ezintsha, ukulawula ikhwalithi, kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende, le nkampani idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukumeza ngamandla. Uhlu lwabo olubanzi lwemikhiqizo, oluhlanganisa ama-proppant agcotshwe ngomhlaba kanye nawama-ceramic, luhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zemisebenzi yokuhlukumeza yesimanje emhlabeni wonke.

Ngokuhlanganisa ucwaningo olusekelwe ezivivinyweni, imodeli yekhompyutha, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu bezinto, i-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. isekela ukutholwa okuthuthukisiwe kwama-hydrocarbon nokusebenza kahle. Amabhizinisi anentshisekelo yokufunda kabanzi ngemikhiqizo namasevisi abo angavakashela i-IKHAYA yabo noma ahlole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezipho zabo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ku-IMIKHIQIZO isigaba. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile ngobuchwepheshe babo namakhono e-R&D, i-MAYELANA NATHI no R&D amakhasi ahlinzeka ngemininingwane ebanzi.

Ngokufingqa, ukuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ama-proppant kaphethiloli kuhlala kubalulekile empumelelweni yokuhlukaniswa ngamandla emithonjeni engavamile. Ukuzibophezela kwezinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Kaiyuan Oil Proppant Co., Ltd. ekusunguleni nasekuqiniseni kuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni kawoyela negesi ingabhekana nezinselelo zesikhathi esizayo ngokuzethemba nangempumelelo.